Desmoglein 1 (MSVA-544M)

Mouse monoclonal / IgG 1:100 Research Use Only Cell surface Human MSVA-544M Cadherin family member 4; CDHF4; Desmoglein-1; Desmosomal glycoprotein 1; DG1; DSG1; EPKHE; EPKHIA; Pemphigus foliaceus antigen; PPKS1; SPPK1 Tonsil: A moderate to strong desmoglein 1 immunostaining should be seen in a fraction of squamous epithelial cells. Desmoglein 1 immunostaining should be absent in all non-squamous epithelial cell types. Desmoglein 1 is expressed in squamous epithelium and cells undergoing squamous differentiation. Desmoglein-1 (Dsg1) is a 114 kDa calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein which is coded by the DSG1 gene at chromosome 18q12.1. Dsg1 is a component of desmosomes. Dsg1 and three other desmogleins belong to the cadherin cell adhesion molecule superfamily. Dsg1 is relevant for cell-cell adhesion but also has important functional roles for organization and maintenance of squamous epithelial tissues. When squamous cells exit the proliferating basal layer, Dsg1 attenuates MAPK/ERK signaling to enable further cell differentiation. In response to UV exposure, Dsg1 expression is downregulated which results in a re-activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway and increased epidermal inflammation. In the skin, Dsg1 modulates pigment production and secretion and other functions of melanocytes through regulation of the production of cytokines, chemokines, and other secreted factors. Deficiency or decreased expression of the Dsg1 protein results in an increased expression of several allergy-associated cyt... Desmoglein 1 immunostaining occurs in keratinizing and non-keratinizing squamous epithelia where a predominantly membranous staining pattern can be observed. The extent of staining is variable and ranges from a staining of the entire squamous epithelium to a predominant staining of the suprabasal 2/3 of the epithelium with weak or absent staining of the basal cells and decreasing staining intensity towards the surface of the epithelium. Squamous cell staining also includes corpuscles of Hassall’s and a fraction of (upper half) cells in tonsil crypt epithelium as well as in sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin. A weak to moderate immunostaining is also seen in amnion cells of the placenta. Desmoglein 1 immunostaining is not seen in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, salivary glands, Brunner glands, kidney, prostate, seminal vesicles, testis, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, respiratory epithelium, bronchial glands, lung, breast gland, en... A positive desmoglein 1 immunostaining is usually seen in squamous cell carcinomas irrespective of their site of origin and in tumor areas exhibiting squamous differentiation. Squamous differentiation can occur in many different tumor entities including urothelial cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma and others. The TCGA findings on Desmoglein 1 RNA expression in different tumor categories have been summarized in the Human Protein Atlas. Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with strong Dsg1 positivity of most tumor cells. Skin – Dsg1 negative basal cell carcinoma containing remnant Dsg 1 positive ekkrine glands. Invasive breast cancer of no special type (NST) with strong Dsg1 staining of most tumor cells. Cancer tissue gallery No data available at the moment IHC users have different preferences on how the stains should look like. Some prefer high staining intensity of the target stain and even accept some background. Others favor absolute specificity and lighter target stains. Factors that invariably lead to more intense staining include higher concentration of the antibody and visualization tools, longer incubation time, higher temperature during incubation, higher temperature and longer duration of the heat induced epitope retrieval (slide pretreatment). The impact of the pH during slide pretreatment has variable effects and depends on the antibody and the target protein. All images and data shown here and in our image galleries are obtained by the manual protocol described below. Other protocols resulting in equivalent staining are described as well. -Manual protocol Freshly cut sections should be used (less than 10 days between cutting and staining). Heat-induced antigen retrieval for 5 minutes in an autoclave at 121°C in pH 9 Target R... The diagnostic utility of desmoglein 1 IHC should be investigated in a large cohort of tumors from different entities. Desmoglein 1 has been suggested as a prognostic parameter in several different cancer types. This subject deserves further investigation. There are two ways how the specificity of antibodies can be documented for immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed tissues. These are: 1. Comparison with a second independent method for target expression measurement across a large number of different tissue types ( orthogonal strategy ), and 2. Comparison with one or several independent antibodies for the same target and showing that all positive staining results are also seen with other antibodies for the same target ( independent antibody strategy ). Orthogonal validation: Data derived from three independent RNA screening studies, including the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq tissue dataset, the FANTOM5 project, and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, which are all summarized in the Human Protein Atlas (Tissue expression Desmoglein 1) suggested that desmoglein 1 expression only occurs in tissues that are covered by squamous epithelium. This fits very well with protein expression data obtained by MSVA-544M . In addition, d...