TRIM29 (MSVA-629M)

Mouse monoclonal / IgG 1:100-200 Research Use Only Cytoplasmic and cell surface. Human MSVA-629M Ataxia telangiectasia group D complementing gene (ATDC); Tripartite motif-containing protein 29 (TRIM29) Tonsil: A strong membranous and cytoplasmic TRIM29 immunostaining should be seen in squamous epithelial cells. Tonsil:All non-epithelial cells must not show anyTRIM29immunostaining. TRIM29 is a multifunctional protein with a role in cancer biology and antiviral innate immunity. Tripartite motif proteins (TRIM) embody a family of proteins that contain a RING-Bbox-Coiled Coil motif followed by different C-terminal domains. TRIM family proteins are involved in important cellular processes such as intracellular signaling in innate immunity and carcinogenesis. TRIM29, a 66 kDa protein coded by the TRIM29 gene on the 11q23 is a member of the TRIM protein family. It is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which employs the B-box domain to catalyze substrate ubiquitination instead of the typical RING domain. TRIM29 induced post-translational modifications are involved in diverse signaling events and play a role in a wide range of different cellular processes such as DNA damage response, cancer development and progression, cell adhesion/tumor invasion, autophagy, cell differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and antiviral innate immunity. TRIM29 interacts with multiple different pathways including the Wnt and the PKC–NF-κB signaling pathways . In normal tissues, TRIM29 e... TRIM29 immunostaining is always membranous and cytoplasmic but not nuclear. A strong TRIM29 immunostaining occurs in all squamous epithelia (intensity can decrease towards the surface in some samples, keratin layer is negative), sebaceous glands, squamous epithelium of tonsil and of corpuscles of Hassal’s, urothelium (umbrella cells are negative or only weakly positive) as well as in amnion cells und chorion cells of the placenta. A weak to moderate TRIM29 immunostaining occurs in excretory ducts and myoepithelial cells of breast, salivary and bronchial glands, basal membranes of the cytotrophoblast of the placenta,  as well as in basal cells of the prostate, epididymis, seminal vesicles and the endocervix. A weak to moderate TRIM29 staining could occasionally be seen in colon epithelium (one positive gland in one sample) as well as in scattered epithelial cells of the adenohypophysis. TRIM29 staining is not seen in stomach, ileum, duodenum, neurohypophysis, brain, skeletal, heart and ... The TCGA database on RNA expression in cancer has described particularly high levels of TRIM29 RNA in cervical, head & neck, and urothelial carcinomas. However, individual cases with high level TRIM29 expression were also described in most other analyzed tumor entities, including lung, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers. The TCGA findings on TRIM29 RNA expression in different tumor categories have been summarized in the Human Protein Atlas. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal with strong TRIM29 immunostaining of tumor cells. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with strong TRIM29 immunostaining of tumor cells. Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva with strong TRIM29 immunostaining of tumor cells. Cancer tissue gallery No data available at the moment IHC users have different preferences on how the stains should look like. Some prefer high staining intensity of the target stain and even accept some background. Others favor absolute specificity and lighter target stains. Factors that invariably lead to more intense staining include higher concentration of the antibody and visualization tools, longer incubation time, higher temperature during incubation, higher temperature and longer duration of the heat induced epitope retrieval (slide pretreatment). The impact of the pH during slide pretreatment has variable effects and depends on the antibody and the target protein. All images and data shown here and in our image gallery are obtained by the manual protocol described below. Other protocols resulting in equivalent staining are described as well. Manual protocol Freshly cut sections should be used (less than 10 days between cutting and staining). Heat-induced antigen retrieval for 5 minutes in an autoclave at 121°C in pH 7,8 Target Re... The prevalence and clinical significance of TRIM29 expression in cancer is unknown. The role of TRIM29 in immune responses and in immuno oncology is still unclear There are two ways how the specificity of antibodies can be documented for immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed tissues. These are: 1. comparison with a second independent method for target expression measurement across a large number of different tissue types (orthogonal strategy), and 2. Comparison with one or several independent antibodies for the same target and showing that all positive staining results are also seen with other antibodies for the same target (independent antibody strategy). Orthogonal validation: Specificity of the antibody MSVA-629M for TRIM29 is suggested by the high concordance of its immunostaining pattern with data from three independent RNA screening studies, including the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq tissue dataset, the FANTOM5 project, and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, which are all summarized in the human protein atlas Human Protein Atlas (Tissue expression TRIM29) . Immunostaining by MSVA-629M is detected in all analyzed organs wi...